Scabies Outbreak Investigation and Its Risk Factors in Gumbichu District, East Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia: Unmatched Case-Control Study

Fufa Balcha; Hailemichael Bizuneh; Fufa Hunduma; Tesfaye Chala

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajhr.20231104.13

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Scabies Outbreak Investigation and Its Risk Factors in Gumbichu District, East Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia: Unmatched Case-Control Study

Fufa Balcha, Hailemichael Bizuneh, Fufa Hunduma, Tesfaye Chala

Published in American Journal of Health Research (Volume 11, Issue 4)

Received: 22 June 2023 Accepted: 12 July 2023 Published: 10 August 2023

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Abstract

Introduction: Scabies is one of the common public health problems but neglected parasitic disease caused by Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis. Global scabies prevalence was about a 204million cases with 0.21% of total disability-adjusted life years lost. In Ethiopia, scabies is common, especially during natural or man-made disasters. This study aimed to investigate the scabies suspected outbreak and risk factors in Gumbichu District, Central Ethiopia, 2021. Methods: A community-based unmatched case-control study among 96 participants (32 cases and 64 controls) was conducted in the Gumbichu district from July 1-20/2021. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Line-listed data were entered into Microsoft Excel for descriptive analyses. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was computed using SPSS version 25 to identify factors associated with scabies. The odds ratio of 95% CI and a p-value less than 0.05 were used to describe the strength of the association and statistical significance. Results: A total of 1231 scabies cases line listed with an overall attack rate of 16/1,000 population. The mean age was 14 years, and the most affected age group was 5–14 years. Frequency of shower per month [AOR (95% CI) = 6.51 (1.26-33.54)], sleeping with scabies patient [AOR (95% CI) = 10.52 (3.75-29.53)], contact history [AOR (95%) = 11.44 (1.72-76.22)], family size ≥5 [AOR (95% CI) = 8.63 (2.42-30.84)], and sharing clothes with scabies cases [AOR (95% CI) = 14.31 (3.04-67.35)] were found to be determinant factors of scabies outbreak. Conclusion: Frequency of shower per month, contact history, sleeping with scabies case, family size ≥5, and sharing clothes with scabies case were associated with a high frequency of scabies. Therefore, it is recommended to raise awareness about the transmission, prevention, and control of scabies disease.

Published in	American Journal of Health Research (Volume 11, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajhr.20231104.13
Page(s)	108-117
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Scabies, Outbreak, Risk Factors, Ethiopia

References

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APA Style

Fufa Balcha, Hailemichael Bizuneh, Fufa Hunduma, Tesfaye Chala. (2023). Scabies Outbreak Investigation and Its Risk Factors in Gumbichu District, East Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia: Unmatched Case-Control Study. American Journal of Health Research, 11(4), 108-117. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20231104.13

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ACS Style

Fufa Balcha; Hailemichael Bizuneh; Fufa Hunduma; Tesfaye Chala. Scabies Outbreak Investigation and Its Risk Factors in Gumbichu District, East Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia: Unmatched Case-Control Study. Am. J. Health Res. 2023, 11(4), 108-117. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20231104.13

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AMA Style

Fufa Balcha, Hailemichael Bizuneh, Fufa Hunduma, Tesfaye Chala. Scabies Outbreak Investigation and Its Risk Factors in Gumbichu District, East Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia: Unmatched Case-Control Study. Am J Health Res. 2023;11(4):108-117. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20231104.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajhr.20231104.13,
  author = {Fufa Balcha and Hailemichael Bizuneh and Fufa Hunduma and Tesfaye Chala},
  title = {Scabies Outbreak Investigation and Its Risk Factors in Gumbichu District, East Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia: Unmatched Case-Control Study},
  journal = {American Journal of Health Research},
  volume = {11},
  number = {4},
  pages = {108-117},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajhr.20231104.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20231104.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajhr.20231104.13},
  abstract = {Introduction: Scabies is one of the common public health problems but neglected parasitic disease caused by Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis. Global scabies prevalence was about a 204million cases with 0.21% of total disability-adjusted life years lost. In Ethiopia, scabies is common, especially during natural or man-made disasters. This study aimed to investigate the scabies suspected outbreak and risk factors in Gumbichu District, Central Ethiopia, 2021. Methods: A community-based unmatched case-control study among 96 participants (32 cases and 64 controls) was conducted in the Gumbichu district from July 1-20/2021. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Line-listed data were entered into Microsoft Excel for descriptive analyses. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was computed using SPSS version 25 to identify factors associated with scabies. The odds ratio of 95% CI and a p-value less than 0.05 were used to describe the strength of the association and statistical significance. Results: A total of 1231 scabies cases line listed with an overall attack rate of 16/1,000 population. The mean age was 14 years, and the most affected age group was 5–14 years. Frequency of shower per month [AOR (95% CI) = 6.51 (1.26-33.54)], sleeping with scabies patient [AOR (95% CI) = 10.52 (3.75-29.53)], contact history [AOR (95%) = 11.44 (1.72-76.22)], family size ≥5 [AOR (95% CI) = 8.63 (2.42-30.84)], and sharing clothes with scabies cases [AOR (95% CI) = 14.31 (3.04-67.35)] were found to be determinant factors of scabies outbreak. Conclusion: Frequency of shower per month, contact history, sleeping with scabies case, family size ≥5, and sharing clothes with scabies case were associated with a high frequency of scabies. Therefore, it is recommended to raise awareness about the transmission, prevention, and control of scabies disease.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Scabies Outbreak Investigation and Its Risk Factors in Gumbichu District, East Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia: Unmatched Case-Control Study
AU - Fufa Balcha
AU - Hailemichael Bizuneh
AU - Fufa Hunduma
AU - Tesfaye Chala
Y1 - 2023/08/10
PY - 2023
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20231104.13
DO - 10.11648/j.ajhr.20231104.13
T2 - American Journal of Health Research
JF - American Journal of Health Research
JO - American Journal of Health Research
SP - 108
EP - 117
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2330-8796
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20231104.13
AB - Introduction: Scabies is one of the common public health problems but neglected parasitic disease caused by Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis. Global scabies prevalence was about a 204million cases with 0.21% of total disability-adjusted life years lost. In Ethiopia, scabies is common, especially during natural or man-made disasters. This study aimed to investigate the scabies suspected outbreak and risk factors in Gumbichu District, Central Ethiopia, 2021. Methods: A community-based unmatched case-control study among 96 participants (32 cases and 64 controls) was conducted in the Gumbichu district from July 1-20/2021. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Line-listed data were entered into Microsoft Excel for descriptive analyses. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was computed using SPSS version 25 to identify factors associated with scabies. The odds ratio of 95% CI and a p-value less than 0.05 were used to describe the strength of the association and statistical significance. Results: A total of 1231 scabies cases line listed with an overall attack rate of 16/1,000 population. The mean age was 14 years, and the most affected age group was 5–14 years. Frequency of shower per month [AOR (95% CI) = 6.51 (1.26-33.54)], sleeping with scabies patient [AOR (95% CI) = 10.52 (3.75-29.53)], contact history [AOR (95%) = 11.44 (1.72-76.22)], family size ≥5 [AOR (95% CI) = 8.63 (2.42-30.84)], and sharing clothes with scabies cases [AOR (95% CI) = 14.31 (3.04-67.35)] were found to be determinant factors of scabies outbreak. Conclusion: Frequency of shower per month, contact history, sleeping with scabies case, family size ≥5, and sharing clothes with scabies case were associated with a high frequency of scabies. Therefore, it is recommended to raise awareness about the transmission, prevention, and control of scabies disease.
VL - 11
IS - 4
ER -

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Author Information

Fufa Balcha

School of Public Health, Adama Hospital Medical College, Adama, Ethiopia
Hailemichael Bizuneh

School of Public Health, St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Fufa Hunduma

School of Public Health, St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Tesfaye Chala

School of Public Health, Adama Hospital Medical College, Adama, Ethiopia

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APA Style

Fufa Balcha, Hailemichael Bizuneh, Fufa Hunduma, Tesfaye Chala. (2023). Scabies Outbreak Investigation and Its Risk Factors in Gumbichu District, East Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia: Unmatched Case-Control Study. American Journal of Health Research, 11(4), 108-117. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20231104.13

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ACS Style

Fufa Balcha; Hailemichael Bizuneh; Fufa Hunduma; Tesfaye Chala. Scabies Outbreak Investigation and Its Risk Factors in Gumbichu District, East Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia: Unmatched Case-Control Study. Am. J. Health Res. 2023, 11(4), 108-117. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20231104.13

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AMA Style

Fufa Balcha, Hailemichael Bizuneh, Fufa Hunduma, Tesfaye Chala. Scabies Outbreak Investigation and Its Risk Factors in Gumbichu District, East Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia: Unmatched Case-Control Study. Am J Health Res. 2023;11(4):108-117. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20231104.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajhr.20231104.13,
  author = {Fufa Balcha and Hailemichael Bizuneh and Fufa Hunduma and Tesfaye Chala},
  title = {Scabies Outbreak Investigation and Its Risk Factors in Gumbichu District, East Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia: Unmatched Case-Control Study},
  journal = {American Journal of Health Research},
  volume = {11},
  number = {4},
  pages = {108-117},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajhr.20231104.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20231104.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajhr.20231104.13},
  abstract = {Introduction: Scabies is one of the common public health problems but neglected parasitic disease caused by Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis. Global scabies prevalence was about a 204million cases with 0.21% of total disability-adjusted life years lost. In Ethiopia, scabies is common, especially during natural or man-made disasters. This study aimed to investigate the scabies suspected outbreak and risk factors in Gumbichu District, Central Ethiopia, 2021. Methods: A community-based unmatched case-control study among 96 participants (32 cases and 64 controls) was conducted in the Gumbichu district from July 1-20/2021. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Line-listed data were entered into Microsoft Excel for descriptive analyses. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was computed using SPSS version 25 to identify factors associated with scabies. The odds ratio of 95% CI and a p-value less than 0.05 were used to describe the strength of the association and statistical significance. Results: A total of 1231 scabies cases line listed with an overall attack rate of 16/1,000 population. The mean age was 14 years, and the most affected age group was 5–14 years. Frequency of shower per month [AOR (95% CI) = 6.51 (1.26-33.54)], sleeping with scabies patient [AOR (95% CI) = 10.52 (3.75-29.53)], contact history [AOR (95%) = 11.44 (1.72-76.22)], family size ≥5 [AOR (95% CI) = 8.63 (2.42-30.84)], and sharing clothes with scabies cases [AOR (95% CI) = 14.31 (3.04-67.35)] were found to be determinant factors of scabies outbreak. Conclusion: Frequency of shower per month, contact history, sleeping with scabies case, family size ≥5, and sharing clothes with scabies case were associated with a high frequency of scabies. Therefore, it is recommended to raise awareness about the transmission, prevention, and control of scabies disease.},
 year = {2023}
}

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