Evaluation of Integrated Community Case Management of Common Childhood Illness Program: Quality of Program Implementation in Hadiya Zone, Ethiopia
Ermias Larebo Holamo,
Dawit Wolde,
Gebeyehu Tsega,
Yeshanew Ayele Tiruneh
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 1, January 2023
Pages:
1-12
Received:
1 November 2022
Accepted:
28 December 2022
Published:
13 January 2023
Abstract: Background: Integrated community case management of common childhood illnesses (ICCM) is life saving curative health service delivery for common childhood illnesses (CHI) at health post and community level before developing a complication. ICCMCHI quality has little information in the study area. Methods and Materials: The focus of this evaluation was to evaluate the process of ICCMCHI program, and the approach of this evaluation was formative. Availability of program resources, compliance of health extension workers with ICCM guideline and acceptability of services were the dimensions of this study. The case study was conducted with both quantitative and qualitative data. Fifty-seven health posts were included from three woreda of the zone by deviant sampling techniques. For qualitative data health extension workers and health care managers were included. Data was analyzed by using SPSS soft ware version-20. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression were used for quantitative data, and qualitative data was analyzed by using thematic analysis. Result: Compliance was 76% which is good even though most of health extension workers (HEW) were missing opportunities and identified reasons were an inadequate use of ICCM chart booklet and poor supportive supervision. 423 mothers or caregivers with sick under-five children were interviewed from 57 health posts. The mean score of client satisfaction on the quality of ICCM services received was 48.97. Satisfaction of caregivers with a mean score of client satisfaction on quality ICCM services was associated with primary level education, family annual income of and Muslim religion and received information about when to return for next revisit were found to be more likely to satisfy on the quality of ICCM services provided. Conclusion and Recommendation: Quality of ICCMCHI program was evaluated as good. There was an inadequate level of resource availability. Client’s satisfaction with integrated community case management of common childhood illness services was also good. All concerned bodies from local government and development partners are expected to strengthen regular supportive supervision, clinical mentoring, and continues performance review.
Abstract: Background: Integrated community case management of common childhood illnesses (ICCM) is life saving curative health service delivery for common childhood illnesses (CHI) at health post and community level before developing a complication. ICCMCHI quality has little information in the study area. Methods and Materials: The focus of this evaluation ...
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A Cross-Sectional Assessment of Self-Medication Among University Students of Lahore, Pakistan
Muhammad Ans,
Sameen Abbas,
Anosh Sana,
Mishal Bajwa,
Kalsoom Jehan Khan,
Waqas Abdul Aziz,
Asima Bibi,
Mujahid Hussain
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 1, January 2023
Pages:
13-17
Received:
10 November 2022
Accepted:
26 December 2022
Published:
17 January 2023
Abstract: Background: Symptoms or ailments that a person is aware of and chooses to treat on their own are referred to as self-medication. The idea of self-medication has been influenced by awareness of individual responsibility for own health and unnecessary professional care for mild illnesses. Self-medication is common practice around the globe. Gradually, it is becoming a form of self-care. Lot of research has been done in the area and the result revealed that the self-medication is more common among the literate people as compared to the illiterate. Trend is rather prominent among the young population who tend to have more knowledge of drugs and their use, have lower risk perception, therefore are more influenced by self-medication. Objective: A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the knowledge about self-medication among engineering, arts & humanities students in Lahore during a period of 7 months (December 2018-June 2019). Methodology: A self-administered questionnaire was designed after the extensive review of previous research and was reviewed by an expert panel of professors & lecturers of clinical pharmacy of Punjab University College of pharmacy. Human ethics committee of Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab approved the study protocol. A total sample of 1000 students were calculated by sample size calculator. All statistical analysis was done by SPSS version 23. Results: A total of 1000 questionnaire were received with overall response rate of 63%. In this study, younger age, male, and unmarried students residing in hostels and those who have access to nearby pharmacy tended to self-medicate more than their peers with significant difference. About 43.4% of respondents followed their doctor's advice, while about 37.2% took their own advice or that of friends, family members, or the media. Conclusion: Self-medication misuse or abuse can be dangerous and endanger lives; if practiced impulsively, it may also be a health issue that requires education and attention from Pakistan's health care authorities. Future research is also required to determine how self-medication affects Lahore and Pakistan's non-medical students' health.
Abstract: Background: Symptoms or ailments that a person is aware of and chooses to treat on their own are referred to as self-medication. The idea of self-medication has been influenced by awareness of individual responsibility for own health and unnecessary professional care for mild illnesses. Self-medication is common practice around the globe. Gradually...
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Fear Avoidance of Work Beliefs Amongst Workers Reporting Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in Kenya
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 1, January 2023
Pages:
18-22
Received:
21 January 2023
Accepted:
7 February 2023
Published:
16 February 2023
Abstract: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) are a devastating concern to the working population globally. WRMSD can result in disability, especially in cases where diagnosis and treatment are delayed. The primary objective of this study was to determine the proportions of flower farm workers exhibiting Fear Avoidance of work beliefs among workers reporting work-related musculoskeletal disorders at a farm in Kenya. The secondary objective was to determine the relationship between Fear Avoidance Beliefs over the previous 12 months and socio-demographic characteristics. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted. A sample of 270 participants was drawn from 897 farm workers, of which 184 presented with WRMSD as assessed using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. Quantitative data were collected using the Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire. Inferential statistics were analyzed using the Pearson's chi-squared test (X2) test and based on an alpha level of p< 0.05. Descriptive statistics were presented using frequencies and percentages. Respondents who reported Decreased Risk of persistent Problems were 67 (36.4%), Increased Risk of Reporting No Improvement were 50 (27.2%), Decreased Risk for Not Returning To work were 34 (18.5%) while those who reported Increased Risk of Not Returning to Work were 33 (17.9%). There was no correlation between exhibiting Fear Avoidance and socio-demographic characteristics. Flower farm workers in Kenya were found to exhibit Fear avoidance of work beliefs.
Abstract: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) are a devastating concern to the working population globally. WRMSD can result in disability, especially in cases where diagnosis and treatment are delayed. The primary objective of this study was to determine the proportions of flower farm workers exhibiting Fear Avoidance of work beliefs among worke...
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Tuberculosis-Related Stigma Among Healthcare Workers in Tanzania: Level, Experience and Manifestations
Wilbard Deogratias Muhandiki,
Lucas Eliaimringi Matemba,
Ndakibae Gabriel Mabega,
Riziki Michael Kisonga,
Emmanuel Heriel Matechi,
Hamimu Omary Kigumi,
Gerald Phares Mwing’a,
Onay Godson Lwanzali,
Joseph Nyamuhuri Musuguri,
Oscar Leonard Kaswaga,
Eliakimu Paul Kapyolo
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 1, January 2023
Pages:
23-30
Received:
3 January 2023
Accepted:
25 January 2023
Published:
21 February 2023
Abstract: Background: TB-related stigma among healthcare workers (HCWs) can negatively impact on health-seeking behavior, treatment adherence, TB treatment completion, and the overall quality of TB services. Yet, the dimensions, experiences, and manifestations of TB-related stigma among HCWs are largely unknown in our region, particularly in the context of Tanzania. This knowledge gap prompted the researchers to design the current study. Methods: This cross-sectional study employed both quantitative and qualitative techniques to collect data on TB-related stigma among HCWs who provide TB services in 20 selected health facilities in 5 regions (provinces) of Tanzania. Data analysis was performed using quantitative descriptive and thematic analysis methods. The results have been presented as frequency tables with respective percentages, figures, and quotes. Results: Seventy-nine (79) HCWs were recruited. The overall level of perceived TB-related stigma among HCWs was 52.57%, predominated by negative attitudes and stigmatizing behaviors towards TB patients. About one-fifth (21.52%) of the HCWs were stigmatized because their work involved interacting with TB-infected people. The common manifestations of TB-related stigma among HCWs were isolation, avoidance, and underappreciation both at the workplace and in the community. Such actions were mostly driven by fear of contracting TB. Conclusion: Our findings revealed that HCWs do not only have to contend with a high level of perceived TB-related stigma but are also stigmatized because of attending to TB patients. This stigma threatens to undermine the non-discriminatory access and quality of TB services. Therefore, there is an urgent call for reciprocal attention aimed to reduce TB-related stigma in healthcare settings to improve, ultimately, TB control in Tanzania.
Abstract: Background: TB-related stigma among healthcare workers (HCWs) can negatively impact on health-seeking behavior, treatment adherence, TB treatment completion, and the overall quality of TB services. Yet, the dimensions, experiences, and manifestations of TB-related stigma among HCWs are largely unknown in our region, particularly in the context of T...
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